Postural difficulties at the VDT lead to pain in the back neck and shoulders. It is important to keep the monitor at a proper distance and height. Studies have shown that improvement of physical ergonomics reduces discomfort at computer stations and improves performance. It is recommended that the eye should be 35-40 inches away from the monitor. (Earlier it was thought to be 16-30 inches but it has been proved now that at shorter distances people get more eyestrain). It is also recommended that the screen should be placed 10-20 degrees below the eye level. When the screen is higher than this, the user turns the head back and causes muscle strain on the trapezius and neck muscles. When the monitor is lower, the gaze is downwards and exposes less ocular surface reducing tear filters evaporation. Studies have shown that raised monitor has no beneficial effect on postural stress of the cervical spine.