They are processing the words, attempting to understand
the main ideas presented and drawing on what they
already know to make sense of the material presented in
the lecture, in their second language. This is especially
true for first year undergraduate and postgraduate
international students, who are developing their English
language skills and learning in a western university
environment. There are strategies that can be used in the
design and delivery of the lecture that can assist in making
the conventional lecture more accessible for international
students: