Due to the time lag between the departure and arrival of orders,
they include stochastic demand in their scheme, which calls
for adaptation of plans. The authors present three models for the
proposal generation for the involved parties and use a scenario tree
generation to quantify the expected gain of coordination. At the
end, they conclude that transportation parties can significantly reduce
in operational costs by collaboration.
From a different point of view and motivated by a Belgian barge
transportation network, Caris, Macharis, and Janssens (2012) study
a SND problem focusing on cooperation of inland terminals and
line bundling. They define different cooperation scenarios and analyze
them by means of simulation. The authors conclude that given
the current transport volumes, more bundling opportunities may
be created by reducing the number of departures or setting up a
truck collection/distribution network. However, reducing the number
of departures may lead to less service offered to customers.