Clinicians should stress avoidance of risky physical
behaviors that put the patient at risk for injury.
Along with the recommendations for regular weight-
bearing (walking, stair-climbing) and muscle-strengthening exercises (weight-training, yoga), cessation
of smoking, decreased consumption of alcohol, and
calcium and vitamin D supplementation are recommended for the general population. The average
daily dietary calcium intake in adults aged 50 years
is only 600-700 mg/day. If adequate dietary calcium
cannot be obtained in the diet, supplementation is
recommended.