Since the publication of Terezinha Nunes Carraher, David Carraher, and Analucia Schliemann’s article “Mathematics in the Streets and in School” in 1985, the expression “street mathematics” has been widely used in mathematics education circles. The term has become synonymous with the phenomenon that many people who perform accurate calculations in real life contextual situations cannot carry out apparently similar but “context-free” pencil-and-paper calculations. Although the study by Carraher and her colleagues reported on only five children found by interviewers selling groceries on street corners or at markets in Recife, Brazil, it touched a nerve among mathematics educators. “What are the implication for school?” was the inevitable associated question.