Discussion
The fact that good leaders should be decisive, determined, goal- oriented, knowledgeable, and have initiative
coincided with a study by Kamcharoen (2009) that concluded good leaders must be consistent with the purpose of
product and service improvements for the organization’s survival in a competitive environment. Trainings provided
for staff were found necessary in shaping the staff’s behavior in terms of learning in their tasks, and loyalty to their
organization. These findings agreed with a statement by Sanoh Tiyao (2001). However, Wongmontha (2005) also
suggested that trainings should be carried out in appropriate time and situations for effective outcomes.
Communication in public organizations was important for daily tasks within an organization and in providing public
services, yet the findings revealed some obstacles, for example ambiguous documents and communication red tape,
which may be considered factors to cause failure by miscommunication and misinterpretation due to individuals’
differences (Boonlai, 2005;Cheoyjanya,1998). Teamwork presented its importance in driving the organization’s
success through team members’ emotional engagement and participation. This was in harmony with a study of
Awanno & Burikul (2007) which found that the level of teamwork participation determined the level of public
participation. The findings also agreed with a study of Khunchanomcham (2003) which stated that the facts of
information perceived, time spent in perceiving the information, and team members’ knowledge and understanding
towards responsible tasks provided a positive effect on team members’ level of participation.