of which Serpinema microcephalus was the only species common
between two localities, although infection parameters were different between them. This is the first
report of cross transmission of S. microcephalus and Falcaustra donanaensis from native to exotic turtles
and the first report of genus Physaloptera in turtles of the Palearctic Region. Continuous releasing of exotic
pet turtles in wildlife ecosystems increases the risk of parasite introductions and, consequently, potential
transmission to native species, and highlights the impending need for regulation of pet turtle trade in
Europe.