Increasing of greenhouse gas emission, reduction of natural
resources, and low availability of fossil fuels insist the significance
of energy production from renewable resources (Chandra et al.,
2012). One of the possible and promising solutions is the production
of ethanol as a clean and renewable liquid fuel (Chen et al.,
2007).
Rice straw is one of the most abundant lignocellulosic waste
material all around the world. The estimation of annual production
of rice announced by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) was
about 721 million tons in 2011 (FAO, 2012). Each kg of rice grain
produces about 1–1.5 kg of rice straw leading to the presence of
about 900 million tons rice straw annually (Poornejad et al., 2013).
The common option of rice straw landfilling is limited due to the
great bulk of material, slow degradation in the soil, harboring of
rice stem diseases, and its high mineral content. Currently, field
burning is the main solution for rice straw depletion which causes
air pollutionand consequently affects the publichealth(
Increasing of greenhouse gas emission, reduction of naturalresources, and low availability of fossil fuels insist the significanceof energy production from renewable resources (Chandra et al.,2012). One of the possible and promising solutions is the productionof ethanol as a clean and renewable liquid fuel (Chen et al.,2007).Rice straw is one of the most abundant lignocellulosic wastematerial all around the world. The estimation of annual productionof rice announced by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) wasabout 721 million tons in 2011 (FAO, 2012). Each kg of rice grainproduces about 1–1.5 kg of rice straw leading to the presence ofabout 900 million tons rice straw annually (Poornejad et al., 2013).The common option of rice straw landfilling is limited due to thegreat bulk of material, slow degradation in the soil, harboring ofrice stem diseases, and its high mineral content. Currently, fieldburning is the main solution for rice straw depletion which causesair pollutionand consequently affects the publichealth(
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
