To our knowledge, this study represents the first report of a large-scale HPLC assessment of sugar and malic acid contents in wild and cultivated apples. Our study indicates that apple fruits are a good resource of fructose. In apple fruits, glucose content was highly positively correlated with fructose content, but negatively correlated with sucrose content. Malic acid content was positively correlated with glucose content and negatively correlated with sucrose content. Overall, wild fruits were significantly more acidic than cultivated fruits, and wild apples showed greater variation in sugar and malic acid contents than cultivated apples. This indicates that wildMalusspecies are useful sources of genetic variation for apple breeding.