Groundwater level variations associated with earthquake events may reveal useful information. This
study estimates the extent of stress influence, defined as the distance over which an earthquake can
induce a step change of the groundwater level, using earthquake-triggering groundwater level variations
in Taiwan. Groundwater variations were first characterized based on the dynamics of groundwater level
changes dominantly triggered by earthquakes. The step-change data in co-seismic groundwater level
variations were used to analyze the extent of stress influence for earthquakes. From the data analysis,
the maximum extent of stress influence is 250 km around Taiwan. A two-dimensional approach was
adopted to develop two models for estimating the maximum extent of stress influence for earthquakes.
From the developed models, the extent of stress influence is proportional to the earthquake magnitude
and inversely proportional to the groundwater level change. The model equations can be used to calculate
the influence radius of stress from an earthquake by using the observed change of groundwater level
and the earthquake magnitude. The models were applied to estimate the area of anomalous stress,
defined as the possible areas where the strain energy is accumulated, using the cross areas method.
The results show that the estimated area of anomalous stress is close to the epicenter. Complex geological
structures and material heterogeneity and anisotropy may explain this disagreement. More data collection
and model refinements can improve the proposed model. This study shows the potential of using
groundwater level variations for capturing seismic information. The proposed concept of extent of stress
influence can be used to estimate the earthquake effect in hydraulic engineering, mining engineering, and
carbon dioxide sequestration, etc. This study provides a concept for estimating the possible areas of
anomalous stress for a forthcoming earthquake.
Groundwater level variations associated with earthquake events may reveal useful information. Thisstudy estimates the extent of stress influence, defined as the distance over which an earthquake caninduce a step change of the groundwater level, using earthquake-triggering groundwater level variationsin Taiwan. Groundwater variations were first characterized based on the dynamics of groundwater levelchanges dominantly triggered by earthquakes. The step-change data in co-seismic groundwater levelvariations were used to analyze the extent of stress influence for earthquakes. From the data analysis,the maximum extent of stress influence is 250 km around Taiwan. A two-dimensional approach wasadopted to develop two models for estimating the maximum extent of stress influence for earthquakes.From the developed models, the extent of stress influence is proportional to the earthquake magnitudeand inversely proportional to the groundwater level change. The model equations can be used to calculatethe influence radius of stress from an earthquake by using the observed change of groundwater leveland the earthquake magnitude. The models were applied to estimate the area of anomalous stress,defined as the possible areas where the strain energy is accumulated, using the cross areas method.The results show that the estimated area of anomalous stress is close to the epicenter. Complex geologicalstructures and material heterogeneity and anisotropy may explain this disagreement. More data collectionand model refinements can improve the proposed model. This study shows the potential of usinggroundwater level variations for capturing seismic information. The proposed concept of extent of stressinfluence can be used to estimate the earthquake effect in hydraulic engineering, mining engineering, andcarbon dioxide sequestration, etc. This study provides a concept for estimating the possible areas ofanomalous stress for a forthcoming earthquake.
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