Two dominant approaches to the special problems of
multisegmental coordination, such as those posed by
hula hooping, can be identified. The neuromuscular approach
frames the coordination problem as the discovery
of the appropriate structural variables controlled by the
neurophysiological apparatus (Nashner and McCollum
1985; Latash 1993). The dynamical systems approach
assumes that general principles of coordination emerge
when the movements are treated as the solutions of a
self-organizing dynamical system (Kugler and Turvey
1987; Turvey 1990; Kelso 1995; Haken 1996).