2.5. Determination of droplet size for β-carotene emulsion
Droplet size of β-carotene emulsions was determined by dynamic light scattering, using a Zetasizer Nano-ZS90 (Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, UK) at a fixed detector angle of 90°. Emulsions were diluted to a final oil droplet concentration of 0.005 wt% with 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) prior to each measurement, to minimise multiple scattering effects. Results were described as cumulant mean diameter (particle diameter, nm) for droplet size.