Jasch (2003) suggested that EMA was a fusion between management accounting, financial accounting and environmental management system. Deegan (2003) considered EMA was the collection, analysis, and use of environmental cost information for the purpose of supporting environmental management systems and environmental reporting to interested parties. UNDSD defined EMA as „a combined approach which provides for the transition of data from financial accounting and cost accounting to increase material efficiency, reduce environmental impact and risk and reduce costs of environmental protection.‟ (UNDSD, 2001) Another definition of EMA from the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) was „the management of environmental and economic performance through the development and implementation of appropriate environment-related accounting systems and practices. While this may include reporting and auditing in some companies, environmental management accounting typically involves life-cycle costing, full-cost accounting, benefits assessment, and strategic planning for environmental management.‟ (IFAC, 2005) These definitions suggested that EMA could provide appropriate accounting data to assist management in making environmental related decisions.