The geometry of a concentric circular antenna array is shown in
Figure 1. Where there are M concentric circular rings and the mth
ring has a radius rm and the corresponding number of elements is
Nm where m = 1; 2; : : : ;M. If all the elements (in all the rings) are
assumed to be isotopic sources, then the radiation pattern of CCAA
can be written in terms of its array factor only.
The array factor for the CCAA with a single element at the center
(Figure 1) is given by [11]: