knowing how to decide on anappropriate response to a stimulus. Such knowledge is required when the simple programmablerelationships between stimuli and responses, which are the essence of “know-what” knowledge,are inadequate. This might be the case, for instance, when there is considerable “noise” in symptomatic information so that the direct link between symptoms and a medical diagnosis is uncertain.
“Know how”-type knowledge permits a professional to determine which treatment or action
is best, even in the presence of significant noise