ingredientFreshly harvested cassava root tubers (TMS 30572) were washed, chipped, dried (100–122 g/kg DM) and ground (2.5 mmsieve) to form unpeeled cassava root meal (UCRM). Pure laboratory strain of A. niger (Chinese International Centre for TypeCulture Collection; CICC, No. 41126) was used for inoculation. Briefly, 200 g UCRM was weighed each into ten (10) conicalflasks (n = 10), moistened (250 g/kg MC) with nutrient solution (containing analytical grade of 80 g urea, 7 g MgSO4·2H2O, 13 gKH2PO4and 20 g