The traditional capital asset pricing model (CAPM) suggests that there is no economic gain
to diversified investors from reducing firm-specific risk, because they will not receive a higher
risk premium on the asset. Only non-diversifiable (systematic or market) risk (beta) is rewarded.
A sufficiently diversified portfolio limits the risk exposure to systematic risk only, and the level
of systematic risk is not affected by the failure of any one firm. Therefore, excessive managerial
risk-taking is not considered problematic to a diversified shareholder because one firm's failure
will not affect a diversified investor's portfolio in any directional way.