The first issue to emerge from this review is the small number of papers identified using SEM. This provides an interesting comparison with similar reviews of the use of SEM in organizational behavior and human resource management (OBHRM) research by James and James [1989], and Medsker et al. [1994]. James and James [1989] found 15 OBHRM papers using latent variable SEM between the years 1978 and 1987, while Medsker et al. [1994] found 28 OBHRM papers published between the years 1988 and 1993. This clearly signals an increase in the use of SEM in OBEIRM in recent years. Tremblay and Gardner [1996] identified an increase in the number of empirical papers using SEM in psychology research between 1987 and 1994.