Choice of packaging material has a significant contribution to the overall impact of beverage value chain.
Collection of post-consumer packaging materials is often controlled by national or regional regulation,
which have to be based on sound considerations. Therefore, stakeholders alongside the packaging value
chain need for supporting information to select environmentally sound packaging and define own policy.
To meet comprehensiveness, five different packaging materials were examined during their whole life
cycle. Due to the potentially direct impact of collection system on the human population, and lacking
information on such an analysis in recent literature, we were focussing in detail on six bottle collection
systems such as kerbside bin, kerbside bag, deposit-refund, combinations with thermal compression of
plastic bottles as well as an attempt made toward examining refill-bottles.
Recycling allowed saving large amount greenhouse gas emission particularly in the case of aluminium
can and glass-bottle. An appropriate managed packaging system supporting the bottle-to-bottle recycling
can make aluminium cans beneficial in contrast to small polyethylene terephthalate bottles. From
the post-consumer bottle collection point of view, the kerbside bag showed the best results followed by
deposit-refund system and kerbside containers. Even though refilling of bottles leads to decreasing
greenhouse gas emission, it became less significant after a certain number of reuse.
It was shown that the fostering of participation of consumers in collection via aimed policy is highly
important. Kerbside bag collection is the most favourable solution, although subtle differences between
the distinct selective collection-systems suggested the importance of case-specific examinations. For
example, using deposit-refund system resulted in excellent environmental profile, as well, like kerbside
bag system. Usage of thermal compressing of plastic bottles in value chain of collection showed large
environmental impacts, despite achieving significant smaller volume for transportation, which should
lead to lower impacts. Furthermore, usage of refill system has to be deeply analysed to estimate the
number of refills and transport distances, which allows maximizing its environmental benefits.
Choice of packaging material has a significant contribution to the overall impact of beverage value chain.Collection of post-consumer packaging materials is often controlled by national or regional regulation,which have to be based on sound considerations. Therefore, stakeholders alongside the packaging valuechain need for supporting information to select environmentally sound packaging and define own policy.To meet comprehensiveness, five different packaging materials were examined during their whole lifecycle. Due to the potentially direct impact of collection system on the human population, and lackinginformation on such an analysis in recent literature, we were focussing in detail on six bottle collectionsystems such as kerbside bin, kerbside bag, deposit-refund, combinations with thermal compression ofplastic bottles as well as an attempt made toward examining refill-bottles.Recycling allowed saving large amount greenhouse gas emission particularly in the case of aluminiumcan and glass-bottle. An appropriate managed packaging system supporting the bottle-to-bottle recyclingcan make aluminium cans beneficial in contrast to small polyethylene terephthalate bottles. Fromthe post-consumer bottle collection point of view, the kerbside bag showed the best results followed bydeposit-refund system and kerbside containers. Even though refilling of bottles leads to decreasinggreenhouse gas emission, it became less significant after a certain number of reuse.It was shown that the fostering of participation of consumers in collection via aimed policy is highly
important. Kerbside bag collection is the most favourable solution, although subtle differences between
the distinct selective collection-systems suggested the importance of case-specific examinations. For
example, using deposit-refund system resulted in excellent environmental profile, as well, like kerbside
bag system. Usage of thermal compressing of plastic bottles in value chain of collection showed large
environmental impacts, despite achieving significant smaller volume for transportation, which should
lead to lower impacts. Furthermore, usage of refill system has to be deeply analysed to estimate the
number of refills and transport distances, which allows maximizing its environmental benefits.
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