The fi rst questionnaire indicated that the pre-pilot WPBAs were
rarely perceived as learning tools by the trainees. Only 37 out of
165 trainees felt that the pre-pilot WPBAs facilitated learning,
whereas only eight out of 165 trainees felt that the pre-pilot
WPBAs were helpful in identifying areas for further learning.
This is supported by the result that only 44 out of 127 trainees
received feedback regularly following a WPBA. Furthermore,
only 17 out of the 127 trainees regularly had an action plan
following a WPBA. The trainees predominately perceived the
pre-pilot WPBAs as part of the requirements for progression at
their ARCPs:
Trainee: ‘…general view amongst the trainees and consultants
is that the current system of WPBA is a relatively pointless,
‘tick-box’ exercise…education and training is a complete
afterthought in the current system…’
The trainers who responded in the fi rst questionnaire perceived
the pre-pilot WPBAs as assessments with an additional element
of learning (Table 2). However, the trainers perceived the
assessment component as the predominate component of the
pre-pilot WPBAs (Table 2). Only six out of 18 trainers felt that
the pre-pilot WPBAs facilitated learning, whereas none of the
trainers felt that the pre-pilot WPBAs were helpful in identifying
areas for improvement for their trainees. Furthermore, there
were trainers who felt that the pre-pilot WPBAs were simply part
of the requirements for the trainees’ progression:
Trainer: ‘[A WPBA] Does nothing to demonstrate experience
in practice and sadly, for many, is a tick box exercise.’
Trainer: ‘[Purpose of WPBAs] Evidence for ARCP.’
Nine out of 15 trainers felt that they would perform WPBAs
with no planning. Therefore, there was no planning around
these clinical encounters to maximise the learning.
Implementation of workplace-based assessments
The data from the focus groups and questionnaires
demonstrated that WPBAs were often performed without
direct observation regardless of the purpose and methods of
the WPBAs. Therefore, those mini-CEXs that were undertaken
without direct observation would become a non-observational
assessment rather like a CbD:
Trainer: ‘For about 80% of CEXs [mini-CEX], the consultant
doesn’t see the junior take the history.’
Supervised learning events
Feasibility
There were 23 trainees in the focus groups who responded
on this topic. Eight out of the 23 trainees had diffi culties in
undertaking SLEs (Table 3). The fi ndings for the trainers were
similar to those for the trainees. There were 14 trainers who
responded on this topic in the focus groups, fi ve of whom had
diffi culties undertaking SLEs.
The results from the questionnaire were similar for both the
trainees and the trainers. There were 41 trainees who responded
on this topic and 11 of them had diffi culties undertaking SLEs.
There were only six responses from the trainers in the second
questionnaire, three of whom had some diffi culties in performing
SLEs. This particular fi nding would need to be interpreted with a
degree of caution in view of the small sample size.
The trainees’ focus groups and questionnaires offered an
insight into the diffi culties encountered, which were mostly
time or work pattern constraints or the disengagement of the
trainers (Table 3). The trainers’ focus groups and questionnaires
also showed similar fi ndings, in that the main diffi culties were
time or work pattern constraints or disengagement between the
trainees and the trainers (Tables 3 and 4).
Validity
The focus groups demonstrated that the trainees and the
trainers had a poor understanding of the purposes of SLEs
(Table 3):
Trainee: ‘Great confusion over SLEs...’
Trainer: ‘I’ll be honest, I get lost between the old system and
the new system…and all the acronyms.’
Table 2. Frequency of comments and themes on
Rst fi แบบสอบถามระบุว่า WPBAs นำร่องล่วงหน้าได้ไม่ค่อยมองเห็นเป็นเครื่องมือ โดยการฝึกการเรียนรู้ 37 เท่าของ165 ผู้ฝึกรู้สึกว่า นำร่องก่อน WPBAs อำนวยความสะดวกการเรียนรู้ในขณะที่ผู้ฝึกเพียงแปดจาก 165 รู้สึกที่นำร่องก่อนWPBAs มีประโยชน์ในการระบุพื้นที่ในการเรียนรู้เพิ่มเติมนี้สนับสนุนผลเท่านั้นฝึก 44 จากทั้งหมด 127ได้รับผลป้อนกลับอย่างสม่ำเสมอตาม WPBA นอกจากนี้17 เท่าจากฝึก 127 มีแผนการดำเนินการอย่างสม่ำเสมอต่อกับ WPBA Predominately ฝึกการรับรู้การWPBAs นำร่องก่อนเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของความต้องการสำหรับความก้าวหน้าในของ ARCPs:ฝึกงาน: ' ... ดู.general หมู่ฝึกและที่ปรึกษาคือว่า ปัจจุบันระบบของ WPBA ที่ค่อนข้างอวกาศ'ขีดกล่อง' ออกกำลังกาย...ศึกษา และฝึกอบรมเป็นการเสร็จสมบูรณ์ไทในระบบปัจจุบัน...'วิทยากรที่ตอบในแบบสอบถาม rst ไร้สายมองเห็นนำร่องก่อน WPBAs เป็นประเมินมีองค์ประกอบเพิ่มเติมการเรียนรู้ (ตารางที่ 2) อย่างไรก็ตาม การรับรู้ของการฝึกอบรมประเมินส่วนประกอบกันของส่วนประกอบในการนำร่องก่อน WPBAs (ตารางที่ 2) ฝึกอบรม 6 จาก 18 เท่าความรู้สึกที่นำร่องก่อน WPBAs อำนวยความสะดวกการเรียนรู้ ในขณะที่ไม่มีการการฝึกอบรมรู้สึกว่า WPBAs นำร่องล่วงหน้าได้ประโยชน์ในการระบุพื้นที่สำหรับการปรับปรุงการฝึกของพวกเขา นอกจากนี้ มีมีวิทยากรที่รู้สึกว่า WPBAs นำร่องก่อนงานก็ส่วนหนึ่งof the requirements for the trainees’ progression:Trainer: ‘[A WPBA] Does nothing to demonstrate experiencein practice and sadly, for many, is a tick box exercise.’Trainer: ‘[Purpose of WPBAs] Evidence for ARCP.’Nine out of 15 trainers felt that they would perform WPBAswith no planning. Therefore, there was no planning aroundthese clinical encounters to maximise the learning.Implementation of workplace-based assessmentsThe data from the focus groups and questionnairesdemonstrated that WPBAs were often performed withoutdirect observation regardless of the purpose and methods ofthe WPBAs. Therefore, those mini-CEXs that were undertakenwithout direct observation would become a non-observationalassessment rather like a CbD:Trainer: ‘For about 80% of CEXs [mini-CEX], the consultantdoesn’t see the junior take the history.’Supervised learning eventsFeasibilityThere were 23 trainees in the focus groups who respondedon this topic. Eight out of the 23 trainees had diffi culties inundertaking SLEs (Table 3). The fi ndings for the trainers weresimilar to those for the trainees. There were 14 trainers whoresponded on this topic in the focus groups, fi ve of whom haddiffi culties undertaking SLEs.The results from the questionnaire were similar for both thetrainees and the trainers. There were 41 trainees who respondedon this topic and 11 of them had diffi culties undertaking SLEs.There were only six responses from the trainers in the secondquestionnaire, three of whom had some diffi culties in performingSLEs. This particular fi nding would need to be interpreted with adegree of caution in view of the small sample size.The trainees’ focus groups and questionnaires offered aninsight into the diffi culties encountered, which were mostlytime or work pattern constraints or the disengagement of thetrainers (Table 3). The trainers’ focus groups and questionnairesalso showed similar fi ndings, in that the main diffi culties weretime or work pattern constraints or disengagement between thetrainees and the trainers (Tables 3 and 4).ValidityThe focus groups demonstrated that the trainees and thetrainers had a poor understanding of the purposes of SLEs(Table 3):Trainee: ‘Great confusion over SLEs...’Trainer: ‘I’ll be honest, I get lost between the old system andthe new system…and all the acronyms.’Table 2. Frequency of comments and themes on
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