. Decisions can be observed in relation to different consequences. One can also assume that cognitive learning occurs if these experiences mean that the mental models or other action- outcome assumptions of the learning individuals or learning group come to be replaced by other mental models or action outcome assumptions. Generally speaking, learning laboratories can be applied to complex business issues, such as the reduction of development time and the effects of service quality and value-added services on customer satisfaction. Learning-laboratory projects have been or are being conducted at Ford, the Federal Express Corporation. Harley Davidson, and the National Semiconductor Corporation, among others (http://www.mit.edu/XX). In practice, the use of learning laboratories may have effects on different dimensions of the learning model. Users may broaden their conceptual views of problems or become aware of possible relations that they had not previously thought of. Nevertheless, we argue that this tool has its greatest impact on the action phase, for behavior (i.e. decisions) is simulated, and possible effects can be studied and tested. The tools described and categorized in this chapter are summarized in Table 35.2.