INTRODUCTION At the turn of the twentieth century the notion of time became radicalized. The invention and implementation of new means of transportation made travel quick and efficient, enabling people to roam swiftly around the world by boat, train, plane, and automobile. The rapid spread of new media in print, film, and radio made information travel at an unforeseen speed The rise of mass urbanization and technologies led people to compartmentalize time schedules, movement, and communication. These drastic changes in modern American life brought about new perceptions concerning the concept of time and experience. Walter djian writes, "Multiplicity, diversity, complexity, anarchy and chaos could...be mapped as defining rubrics across the contemporaneous fields of culture, aesthetics, and politics of the modern American age; they aptly describe the social experience of the new masses coming together in the cosmopolitan urban centers of modern American big city life" (2) With this wave of change at the dawn of the century, the idea of time as a chronological succession with clear-cut instances is dismantled and a new paradigm emerges: time, memory and experience as a heterogeneous whole. French philosopher Henri Bergson introduced the concept of time as intersecting planes of consciousness and being that form an organic whole. From Bergson's extreme reworking of the idea of time where chronological order is de-stabilized and "states of consciousness, even when successive, permeate one another" (TFW 98), the ideas of memory and experience were liberated from the constraints of linear separation. Writers reacted to these novel ideas, and Paul Douglass writes that many of the American modernists are heavily indebted to Bergson's theory of time, including Fitzgerald, Eliot, Frost, Cather, Stein, Henry Miller, and Faulkner (2). From Bergson's theories, many American modernist writers responded in radical ways through their texts. Katie Moss writes, "They [modernists] had to change the structure in order to capture their fragmented personal reactions. They were seeking a resolution to their internal conflicts. They wanted realism, but realism that could