Beliefs about mental illness within the military culture may also result in underestimates of prevalence and can serve as barriers to connecting with services. Indeed, a recent study of 136 veterans with serious mental illness found that reporting symptoms of mental illness was associated with a greater number of reported barriers to treatment engagement (Drapalski et al., 2008). Vogt (2011) conducted a literature review of 15 studies that examined barriers to seeking treatment for mental illness among veterans to conclude that preventative beliefs included fear of being labeled mentally ill, that people need to be able to resolve their own problems with mental illness, and negative thinking about mental healthcare as well as providers. In light of established and emerging interventions that may successfully mitigate the effects of substance use and mental illness among veterans, efforts must continue to identify methods of reducing resistance to treatment. MI is a transdiagnostic set of techniques and an interactive style that may be beneficial in preparing ambivalent veterans to invest in critically required treatment programs. Research has shown that the implementation of MI improves outcomes for substance use and multiple associated domains relevant to the greater veteran population, including medication compliance, treatment compliance, dietary control, partner violence, and suicidality (e.g. Davis et al., 2003; Wain et al., 2011).