Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) commonly presents at a late stage when surgery is no
longer a curative option. As such, novel therapies for advanced HCC are needed. Oncolytic viruses are a
viable option for cancer therapy owing to their ability to specifically infect, replicate within, and kill
cancer cells. In this study, we have investigated the ability of GLV-2b372, a novel light-emitting
recombinant vaccinia virus derived from a wild-type Lister strain, to kill HCC