On the other hand, paramedical aides often resort to 'atrocity stories' (Ding wall, 1977: Stimson and web. 1975) as a means of defending their group against what they perceive to be excessive claims of superiority by others in the organization. Counter-culture and enhancing and orthogonal subcultures have been identified elsewhere (rose, 1988; Sushi and martin, 1984); whereas the other two types of subcultures: dissenting and deferential, represent Bloor and Dawson’s (1994) identification of further subculture groupings (as illustrated in the case of HCS). Each of these subcultures shape the primary organizational culture in a number of different ways. The enhancing and deferential subcultures are both compatible with the organizational culture. With the latter it is through deference, and with the former it is through unquestioning support and advocacy of the 'rightness' of the core assumptions, values and beliefs. In the case of dissenting subcultures, these were shown to challenge the existing dominant subculture and offer an alternative set of operating practices and values within the primary cultural system of home care provision. Finally, the more common orthogonal subculture was shown to act as a mid-way oozing between the enhancing and dissenting subcultures, and facilitate the development of new proposals and the redefinition of common elements without radically questioning the dominance of the medical subculture.