Dual epidemics have affected Chiang Rai, the northernmost
province of Thailand, bordering Myanmar and Laos.
The HIV prevalence among TB patients in Chiang Rai was
41% in 2000 and 27% in 2010.15 It was relatively higher
than the recent national figure of 16%.14 In the last decade
of the growing HIV epidemic, the TB case fatality rate was
particularly high in Chiang Rai at 56% in 2000, falling to
23.4% in 2009 and rising again to 26.1% in 2010.15