Materials and Methods: Between days 3 and 5, perceptions by families and ICU staff of family
involvement in care were collected prospectively at a single center. Family members completed the
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a satisfaction scale (Critical Care Family Needs
Inventory). Nurses recorded care provided spontaneously by families. Characteristics of patient-relative
pairs (n = 101) and ICU staff (n = 45) were collected. Patients described their perceptions of family
participation in care during a telephone interview, 206 ± 147 days after hospital discharge.