To assess affect at work we used 12 items of the Job Affect Scale that assesses participants’ experience of positive and negative affect at work during the previous week on a 5-point scale. The six positive items (JAS-PA) were: enthusiastic, elated, active, strong, happy, and excited. The six negative affective states (JAS-NA) were: hostile, scornfull, fearful, sleepy, placid, and sad. The positive and negative affect parts of the scale had good internal consistency (Alphas .89 and .78, respectively). Wefollowed the same procedure as with the job satisfaction construct and we created two indicators for both positive and negative parts