Food industry
Immobilization of enzymes has a great importance in the pro- cessing and analyzing of foods (Khan and Alzohairy 2010). The numbers of the enzymes and biocatalysts have been used intensely in food industry mainly for starch processing, cheese making, food preservation, lipid hydrolysis and other applica- tions. Immobilization of these enzymes has been recognizable for commercial use since immobilization improves yield of food processes and consequently, minimizing process cost (Breguet et al. 2010).
α-Amylase is an important industrial enzyme, mainly used in food industry for starch liquefaction process. The enzyme used in this process can suffer a lack of long-term operational stability and difficulty in recovery. α-Amylase immobilized onto ion-exchange resin beads showed better stability, and time required for starch liquefaction was improved signifi- cantly (Gupta et al. 2013). Another thermostable α-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis was immobilized by six different cross-linked enzyme aggregates for starch liquefaction. Among all, tert-butanol used as precipitant showed best per- formance for starch liquefaction. Immobilization technique