performance (Locke and Latham 1990). Job-goal specificity may also have a direct effect on performancegoal commitment because a better understanding of performance expectations makes employees feel more responsibility for work outcomes (Salancik 1977). In addition to directly affecting employee performance by focusing the employee on the task at hand, such direction can increase self-efficacy by reducing the sense of futility that is commonly associated with role or task ambiguity (Hartline and Ferrell 1996; Kahn et al. 1964; Wright 2004). Thus, the following hypotheses are offered