The operational and management characteristics that were associated with reduced
crash and injury risk included: safety training, management commitment, scheduling or journey planning,
size of organisation or freight type, worker participation, incentives and safety or return to work
policies. Other characteristics that might be associated with lower incident and injury rates were risk
analysis/corrective actions, prior safety violations, crashes or incidents, vehicle conditions or physical
work environment, vehicle technologies, recruitment and retention, pay and remuneration systems, communications/
support, safety or quality management accreditation, financial performance, and worker
characteristics and attitudes. The review also highlighted gaps in the literature requiring further research.