C6H8O4 refers here to the conceptual stoichiometric composition of bio-oil. The preferred catalysts for FCC are based on ZSM-5 (structure code: MFI) and zeolite Y (structure code: FAU),with the microactivity test (MAT) as reactor equipment.To date, upgrading of bio-oil by FCC has been investigated only using fixed-bed equipment within the temperature range of 340–5008C.