Fig. 1 illustrates, in three dimensions (gender, geographic distance, and closeness of kin), the factors influencing from whom the older persons might prefer to receive which type of support. The five support types are perceived differently depending on the gender of both receivers and givers, and closeness of kin. The options available to an elderly person may be limited by geographical distance. In addition, the preferences vary by type of support. In other words, one may prefer different persons depending on their ability to help for a particular need and how comfortable the older persons are with support from that person.Meal preparation, personal care,
and transportation require regular and frequent services, and thus closer proximity makes the services easier. In addition, it is expected that older people would prefer meal preparation and
personal care from females rather than males. Emotional and financial support can be provided remotely through modern communication technology. In Thailand, cell phones are affordable and considered an essential living item. Money transfer is a reliable service with modest fees. Self-delivery, on the other hand, requires not only travel expenses, but it is also
time-consuming.