3. Results and discussion
It has been recognised for many years that power ultrasound
has great potential for application in a wide variety of
industrial processes as it offers potential cost savings in
time, chemicals, energy and reduced effluent [23e25]. In
this context applying power ultrasound in textile colouration
was of interest. In the same interest of better dyeing and less
dye effluent, and based on the negative nature of both dye
and substrate, it was necessary to use cationised cotton to enhance
its dyeability with lac dye. Thus, exploiting power ultrasonic
in the dyeing of cationised cotton fabrics using lac as
a natural dye was made in two steps, i.e. ultrasonic extraction
of the dye followed by ultrasonic dyeing. Therefore, comparative
study between CH and US as well as the different factors
that may affect these processes are investigated.