For the repellency test, we used
10–20d-old adult female cockroaches since they showed the
highest activity to chemicals. To avoid the effects of anesthesia
or physical stress that may be caused by handling the
cockroaches with tweezers, the insects and their shelters were
transferred to repellent test cages by shaking. The number of
insects was then adjusted by removing extra insects from the
test cage with tweezers