This section addresses the laws and regulations implemented in the United Kingdom to limit
access to online child pornography. It covers not only state and multi-state regulation but
relevant legal interpretations given by courts and regulatory policies put in place forcing online
intermediaries to remove alleged child pornographic content hosted within the jurisdiction and
to block access to related websites hosted overseas. Subsection 3.1 provides an account about
how regulation against online child pornography has developed in the UK particularly after the
creation of the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF)725 in 1996; the IWF was the Internet industry
‘self-regulatory’ body created to tackle child pornographic material available on the Internet in
the United Kingdom. Subsequently, state and multi-state regulatory initiatives as well as
relevant case law are covered in Subsection 3.2, and the overall regulatory framework is
explored in detail in Subsection 3.3.