This study had limitations and weaknesses. Participants’ self-reported data,
obtained via survey research, posed the risk of reporting errors and/or inaccuracies with
regard to questions on personal lifestyle habits. Some participants may not have admitted
their actual oral health care behaviors if they perceived them to be poor. Answers to
sensitive questions may have elicited only socially-desirable responses. In addition, the
language level of the survey instrument may have exceeded the literacy levels of some
individuals. These issues may have caused reporting errors and inaccuracies, resulting in
information bias