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Burma has experienced one of the biggest humanitarian crisis and most protracted refugee situations in the world. Millions of people from Burma, mostly ethnic nationalities in the country’s borderlands, have fled armed conflicts and Burmese military run human rights abuses that have spanned over several decades. The civil war in Burma that started with the Karen armed opposition in 1949 has been dubbed as the longest ongoing conflict in the world, and the Burmese military, in order to defeat ethnic armed opposition, has targeted their military campaigns against ethnic civilians. The result has been ongoing persecution of ethnic villagers particularly in rural areas where ethnic armed opposition has been operating.