When college students were asked to draw a campus map, they
mostly put those landmarks which in reality were in front of them on top of the map and this supports the view that targets in direct line of sight i.e. from the front, are more easily localized than targets behind (Neisser, 1976 In Sholl, 1987; Presson
and Hazelrigg, 1984). The results of Tolman’s study indicate that the fact that cognitive maps may take the form of narrow strips instead of comprehensive representations perhaps be due to four reasons: the brain was damaged; there were not
enough environmental signals; the information was repeated too much or, there were either very strong motivational or frustrating conditions (Tolman, 1948). These reasons are useful because they could help us locate problematic areas in urban environments and fix them, but what is important for the purpose of this study is the lack of sufficient environmental signals and the motivational conditions created by the use of specific transport modes or navigation systems.
When college students were asked to draw a campus map, they
mostly put those landmarks which in reality were in front of them on top of the map and this supports the view that targets in direct line of sight i.e. from the front, are more easily localized than targets behind (Neisser, 1976 In Sholl, 1987; Presson
and Hazelrigg, 1984). The results of Tolman’s study indicate that the fact that cognitive maps may take the form of narrow strips instead of comprehensive representations perhaps be due to four reasons: the brain was damaged; there were not
enough environmental signals; the information was repeated too much or, there were either very strong motivational or frustrating conditions (Tolman, 1948). These reasons are useful because they could help us locate problematic areas in urban environments and fix them, but what is important for the purpose of this study is the lack of sufficient environmental signals and the motivational conditions created by the use of specific transport modes or navigation systems.
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