Table 15.34 correlates the various combinations of flags with the strings used in the interface of C’s
function for opening files: fopen(). The combinations with the binary and the ate flags set are
not listed. A set binary corresponds to strings with b appended, and a set ate corresponds to a
seek to the end of the file immediately after opening. Other combinations not listed in the table, such
as trunc|app, are not allowed. Note that before C++11, app, in|app, and in|out|app were not
specified.