Some species of plants and animals introduced are very invasive
and it is now accepted that they have a significant impact on biodiversity
(competition with other species, release of toxic substances,
genetic disturbance, epidemics, etc.). Some optimization
models were developed in the effective fight against invasive species.
The reader can refer, for example, to the very good article
written by Epanchin-Niell and Hastings (2010). The authors review
studies that address economically optimal control of established
invasive species. They describe three important components for
determining optimal invasion management: invasion dynamics,
costs of control efforts and a monetary measure of invasion damages.
Another interesting reference in connection with this question
is (De Lara and Doyen, 2008), where different biological
models are reviewed.
We present below a simple problem proposed by Hof (1998) to
illustrate the help that operational research can provide to treat
this type of phenomenon. Consider a forest area represented by a
matrix of m n identical square parcels and a parasite present
in some of these parcels. This parasite disperses by neighborhood
and its population is steadily increasing. It is possible to completely
eliminate the parasite from a parcel by performing some management actions in this parcel (poisoning, burning, use of attractants,
sanitation cutting). The problem is to identify the parcels
to be treated so as to minimize the spread of the parasite during
a planning horizon consisting of T periods. The number of parcels
that may be treated at each period is limited to K. Denote by vijt
the population of the parasite in the parcel sij at period t. At period
t + 1, this population grew, became equal to vijt(1 + r) where the
rate r is a given positive coefficient, and has spread to the adjacent
parcels. Denote by pklij the proportion of the population of the parcel
skl which diffuses into the parcel sij between t and t + 1.We have
Ptherefore, for any parcel sij and for all t > 1; vijt ¼
ðk;lÞ2MNpklijð1 þ rÞvklt1 where vkl1 is the initial population of the
parasite in the parcel skl. Let xijt be a Boolean variable that is equal
to 1 iff the parcel sij is treated at the period t. A parcel is treated
only once, and once treated at time t, the parasite is definitely
eliminated, that is to say that it is eliminated for period t and all
subsequent periods. Hof and Bevers (2002) choose to minimize
the total population of the parasite on the planning horizon, i.e.
the expression
P
Some species of plants and animals introduced are very invasive
and it is now accepted that they have a significant impact on biodiversity
(competition with other species, release of toxic substances,
genetic disturbance, epidemics, etc.). Some optimization
models were developed in the effective fight against invasive species.
The reader can refer, for example, to the very good article
written by Epanchin-Niell and Hastings (2010). The authors review
studies that address economically optimal control of established
invasive species. They describe three important components for
determining optimal invasion management: invasion dynamics,
costs of control efforts and a monetary measure of invasion damages.
Another interesting reference in connection with this question
is (De Lara and Doyen, 2008), where different biological
models are reviewed.
We present below a simple problem proposed by Hof (1998) to
illustrate the help that operational research can provide to treat
this type of phenomenon. Consider a forest area represented by a
matrix of m n identical square parcels and a parasite present
in some of these parcels. This parasite disperses by neighborhood
and its population is steadily increasing. It is possible to completely
eliminate the parasite from a parcel by performing some management actions in this parcel (poisoning, burning, use of attractants,
sanitation cutting). The problem is to identify the parcels
to be treated so as to minimize the spread of the parasite during
a planning horizon consisting of T periods. The number of parcels
that may be treated at each period is limited to K. Denote by vijt
the population of the parasite in the parcel sij at period t. At period
t + 1, this population grew, became equal to vijt(1 + r) where the
rate r is a given positive coefficient, and has spread to the adjacent
parcels. Denote by pklij the proportion of the population of the parcel
skl which diffuses into the parcel sij between t and t + 1.We have
Ptherefore, for any parcel sij and for all t > 1; vijt ¼
ðk;lÞ2MNpklijð1 þ rÞvklt1 where vkl1 is the initial population of the
parasite in the parcel skl. Let xijt be a Boolean variable that is equal
to 1 iff the parcel sij is treated at the period t. A parcel is treated
only once, and once treated at time t, the parasite is definitely
eliminated, that is to say that it is eliminated for period t and all
subsequent periods. Hof and Bevers (2002) choose to minimize
the total population of the parasite on the planning horizon, i.e.
the expression
P
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