The degree of hydrophobicity of the Cloisite 30B nanoclay was higher than for Cloisite Naþ (unmodified MMT). However, beeswax is a lipid compound and possesses high hydrophobicity compared to nanoclay. Moreover, the decrease in gloss may be attributed to the opaque appearance and the chemical heterogeneity of beeswax (Sothornvit et al., 2009).