Feedstock pre-treatment and characterization
Raw empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm mesocarp fiber (PMF) and
palm kernel shell (PKS) were supplied by FELCRA Nasaruddin Oil
Palm Mill, Bota, Perak, Malaysia. These biomass feedstocks were
first washed with water thoroughly to remove impurities and sand
particles, then manually chopped into smaller pieces and dried in
the oven at 80 C for 48 h, before being grinded with a FRITSCH
Cutting Mill and sieved to particle size of