Data were collected from City council, City Dump office, municipal authorities, Waste Departments of municipal authorities, ward offices and private sector (NGOs, CBOs and companies) through physical observation, interview guides, questionnaires and desktop surveys. Questionnaires were conducted followed by physical observations, which involved identification of equipment used and their conditions, nature of their office and day to day operations (such as working hour and collection frequency). Desktop survey was conducted before, during and after field work through reviewing of relevant documents.