The researchers found that employees do not rely on the seven tactics equally. However, as shown in Exhibit 13-2, the most popular strategy was the use of reason, regardless of whether the influence was directed upward or downward. In addition, researchers have uncovered five contingency variables that affect the selection of a power tactic: the manager's relative power, the manager's objectives for wanting to influence, the manager's expectation of the target person's willingness to comply, the organization's culture, and cross-cultural differences.