Within a given geometric shape, a nanomaterial’s dimensions are a strong determinant of total
cell uptake. For spherical gold nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes,
and quantum dots, a 50-nm diameter is optimal to maximize the rate of uptake and intracellular
concentration in certain mammalian cells (14, 16, 17). In addition to size and shape, the composition
of the nanomaterials also affects uptake because single-walled carbon nanotubes and gold
nanoparticles, each 50 nm in diameter, possess endocytosis rates of 10−3 min−1 and 10−6 min−1,
respectively. This 1,000-fold difference may be due to the intrinsic properties of carbon versus
gold. Which ligand is used to coat the nanomaterial will also affect downstream biological responses.
For example, the uptake and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles were significantly altered when
the nanoparticles were coated with two different proteins targeting the same receptor (18).
Within a given geometric shape, a nanomaterial’s dimensions are a strong determinant of totalcell uptake. For spherical gold nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, single-walled carbon nanotubes,and quantum dots, a 50-nm diameter is optimal to maximize the rate of uptake and intracellularconcentration in certain mammalian cells (14, 16, 17). In addition to size and shape, the compositionof the nanomaterials also affects uptake because single-walled carbon nanotubes and goldnanoparticles, each 50 nm in diameter, possess endocytosis rates of 10−3 min−1 and 10−6 min−1,respectively. This 1,000-fold difference may be due to the intrinsic properties of carbon versusgold. Which ligand is used to coat the nanomaterial will also affect downstream biological responses.For example, the uptake and cytotoxicity of nanoparticles were significantly altered whenthe nanoparticles were coated with two different proteins targeting the same receptor (18).
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
