There were five schools in this category, all sharing rather similar
characteristics. ICT use in this second cluster of schools was characterized
by the deliberate integration of ICT into the teaching and learning process as
an integral part of the curriculum. The pedagogical practices in these schools
were mostly task-based, problem-based and social-constructivist approaches
(Law et al., 2000). Further exploration of the data shows that the pedagogical
approaches and values embodied in the classroom practices using ICT
observed in this study are consistent with the educational ideal and orientation
of these schools. A common feature found in these five schools was that they
were all consciously engaged in the process of curriculum innovation and
reform. When ICT was introduced, attempts were made to integrate it in
different curricula so as to further the school’s curriculum innovation goals. We
thus labeled this second change model (model B) as the catalytic integration
model to indicate that the ICT integration here plays a vital catalytic role in
curriculum innovation and reform involving changed roles for the teachers and
learners. The school principal played the critical role of the curriculum leader,
engaging staff in the process. The difference between this model and the
technological adoption model is that the leaders in these schools did not stay at
the surface level of simply adopting the technology innovation but went one
step further to achieve some genuine integration. In developmental terms, this
could be seen as a more advanced stage of development in the ICT innovation.
There were five schools in this category, all sharing rather similarcharacteristics. ICT use in this second cluster of schools was characterizedby the deliberate integration of ICT into the teaching and learning process asan integral part of the curriculum. The pedagogical practices in these schoolswere mostly task-based, problem-based and social-constructivist approaches(Law et al., 2000). Further exploration of the data shows that the pedagogicalapproaches and values embodied in the classroom practices using ICTobserved in this study are consistent with the educational ideal and orientationof these schools. A common feature found in these five schools was that theywere all consciously engaged in the process of curriculum innovation andreform. When ICT was introduced, attempts were made to integrate it indifferent curricula so as to further the school’s curriculum innovation goals. Wethus labeled this second change model (model B) as the catalytic integrationmodel to indicate that the ICT integration here plays a vital catalytic role incurriculum innovation and reform involving changed roles for the teachers andlearners. The school principal played the critical role of the curriculum leader,engaging staff in the process. The difference between this model and thetechnological adoption model is that the leaders in these schools did not stay atthe surface level of simply adopting the technology innovation but went onestep further to achieve some genuine integration. In developmental terms, thiscould be seen as a more advanced stage of development in the ICT innovation.
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