rules about acceptable behavior. She was resistant to change as her teenage children met new friends and attempted
independence. She reported that she held in her feelings, especially feelings of anger or sadness or
expressions of pain. She was irritated by her mother and sister, whom she thought “complained” too much,
which she considered a sign of weakness. Recently she had begun to have frequent headaches that she ignore d
and “worked through.” Although she said she had forgiven the person who had caused the accident, she was
unable to talk about the accident and to process her feelings with anyone.
At first glance, Lisa seems to have transcended her back pain by continuing to work and to appear to be
cheerful. However, she isolates herself and her feelings.She does not experience a sense of unity with her emotions
or interdependence and trust with others. Although she appears to be strong, she does not experience
inner peace, but rather feels anxiety and fear about developmental changes in her family and struggles to
maintain control. Her thinking is rigid and she is developing headaches.
Contrary Case
The next case may be considered an example of a contrary
case that is clearly not healing.Bill ’s story. Bill, 45 years old, was injured in an accident
in which a drunken driver struck the truck he was driving. He was thrown out of the truck and rolled
down a hill. His boss, who had been following him on the road, was the first person on the scene. Since the accident
4 years ago, Bill has continued to experience back pain in spite of undergoing a laminectomy. He is very
angry and frustrated. He expresses anger at his boss for first stopping to check the damage on the truck before
calling for help and going down the hill to check on Bill.He is angry at the workers’ compensation and medical
systems: He believes that had the surgery on his back been performed sooner, it would have been more successful.
He is angry with the man who hit the truck .Since he has been unable to work, he has become more
and more dependent and isolated at home, and says he and his wife rarely talk. He is frustrated and blames the
pain in his back for conflicts in his relationship with his wife and with his teenage children.
Bill is unable to think beyond the situation and reports that back pain has taken over his life. He feels isolated
rather than connected and continues to feel much anger and blame. He believes that everything important
in his life, as well as his own self-identity, hinges on the pain in his back. Bill has not been able to transcend his
pain and suffering and to see it from a broader perspective. His worldview is focused on pain and anger at
those he perceives as having let him down. He does not feel a sense of unity with his own feelings and has distanced
himself from others. Rather than having inner peace, knowing, and strength, he is frightened, frustrated,
angry, and resentful .
Invented Case
The invented case, according to Walker and Avant(1995), is an example outside our usual experience to explain
a very familiar concept. Ancient stories and myths have often been used in various cultures to symbolize
and teach important concepts. An example of a case constructed out of the ordinary context using a historical
story from the Bible is the story of Jesus’ resurrection .This story has been used to teach the meaning of healing.
We are told that Jesus faced his imminent death at the Last Supper without denial. He then was subjected to
humiliation and pain, nailed to a cross, and was pierced in his side by a spear. After 3 days, he rose up, transcending
his wounds, his pain, and even death itself. He did not judge those who spat in his face and who subjected
him to pain. He asked forgiveness, not vengeance, for those who tortured him. When he appeared to his
disciples, he openly revealed the wounds in his hands and in his side and he said to them, “Peace be with you”
(John 20: 19–29). He demonstrated a timeless connection and unity with his torturers, his disciples, and humankind.
He expressed his sense of inner peace, hope for the future, and faith.
rules about acceptable behavior. She was resistant to change as her teenage children met new friends and attemptedindependence. She reported that she held in her feelings, especially feelings of anger or sadness orexpressions of pain. She was irritated by her mother and sister, whom she thought “complained” too much,which she considered a sign of weakness. Recently she had begun to have frequent headaches that she ignore dand “worked through.” Although she said she had forgiven the person who had caused the accident, she wasunable to talk about the accident and to process her feelings with anyone.At first glance, Lisa seems to have transcended her back pain by continuing to work and to appear to becheerful. However, she isolates herself and her feelings.She does not experience a sense of unity with her emotionsor interdependence and trust with others. Although she appears to be strong, she does not experienceinner peace, but rather feels anxiety and fear about developmental changes in her family and struggles tomaintain control. Her thinking is rigid and she is developing headaches.Contrary CaseThe next case may be considered an example of a contrarycase that is clearly not healing.Bill ’s story. Bill, 45 years old, was injured in an accidentin which a drunken driver struck the truck he was driving. He was thrown out of the truck and rolleddown a hill. His boss, who had been following him on the road, was the first person on the scene. Since the accident4 years ago, Bill has continued to experience back pain in spite of undergoing a laminectomy. He is veryangry and frustrated. He expresses anger at his boss for first stopping to check the damage on the truck beforecalling for help and going down the hill to check on Bill.He is angry at the workers’ compensation and medicalsystems: He believes that had the surgery on his back been performed sooner, it would have been more successful.He is angry with the man who hit the truck .Since he has been unable to work, he has become moreand more dependent and isolated at home, and says he and his wife rarely talk. He is frustrated and blames thepain in his back for conflicts in his relationship with his wife and with his teenage children.Bill is unable to think beyond the situation and reports that back pain has taken over his life. He feels isolatedrather than connected and continues to feel much anger and blame. He believes that everything importantin his life, as well as his own self-identity, hinges on the pain in his back. Bill has not been able to transcend hispain and suffering and to see it from a broader perspective. His worldview is focused on pain and anger atthose he perceives as having let him down. He does not feel a sense of unity with his own feelings and has distancedhimself from others. Rather than having inner peace, knowing, and strength, he is frightened, frustrated,angry, and resentful .Invented CaseThe invented case, according to Walker and Avant(1995), is an example outside our usual experience to explaina very familiar concept. Ancient stories and myths have often been used in various cultures to symbolizeand teach important concepts. An example of a case constructed out of the ordinary context using a historicalstory from the Bible is the story of Jesus’ resurrection .This story has been used to teach the meaning of healing.We are told that Jesus faced his imminent death at the Last Supper without denial. He then was subjected tohumiliation and pain, nailed to a cross, and was pierced in his side by a spear. After 3 days, he rose up, transcendinghis wounds, his pain, and even death itself. He did not judge those who spat in his face and who subjectedhim to pain. He asked forgiveness, not vengeance, for those who tortured him. When he appeared to hisdisciples, he openly revealed the wounds in his hands and in his side and he said to them, “Peace be with you”(John 20: 19–29). He demonstrated a timeless connection and unity with his torturers, his disciples, and humankind.He expressed his sense of inner peace, hope for the future, and faith.
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