In the case of deforestation avoid-
ance, because this example assumes a probability
greater than 50% that zero benefit would result
(55% in this example), any certainty requirement
would immediately result in zero credit (and con-
sequently an infinite cost per ton of carbon),whereas the cost per ton of carbon for planta-
tions would only rise gradually, exploding to in-
finity only as the required certainty approaches
the impossible-to-meet level of 100% (Fig. 5).