The high ownership concentration of Asian corporations raises the risk of expropriation of minority rights, as reflected in firms valuations. In this section we discuss corporate governance mechanisms in place in Asia that aim to protect the interest of minority shareholders in the face of this risk. Minority shareholders may exercise direct monitoring (shleifer and Vishny 1986). Further, theory suggests that firms may voluntarily employ monitoring and bonding mechanism to mitigate outside investor’s concern about being expropriated (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). Firm have incentives to adopt governance constraints voluntarily, for doing so mitigates the expropriation risk bone by minority shareholders and thus reduces their share-price discounts and increases their access to external financing.